Story, Dale

6/25/14

MEXICO

• 1876-1910—Porfirio Diaz
• 1910-20—Revolution
• 1920s—Consolidation of the Revolution
• 1929—Calles creates the Party
• 1934-40—Lazaro Cardenas
• Independent
• “Barnstorming” campaign
• Four sectors of the Party
• Pro-labor
• Nationalizations
• 1934-present—6 year Presidential terms
• 1968—Tlatelolco
• Most recent Presidents
• 1988—Salinas
• 1994—Zedillo
• 2000—Fox (PAN—1st non-Priista)
• 2006—Calderon (PAN—with Lopez Obrador of PRD protesting)
• 2012--Enrique Pena Nieto (PRI)
• Benign authoritarian structure, 1920s-2000
• Electoral system
• PRI dominates all levels
• Carrot and the stick (cooptation and control/intimidation)
• Political machine
• Imagery
• If you can’t beat them, join them
• Political balance of PRI
• Other parties
• PAN—conservative, trad. opposition, averaged 15%, regional (especially northern), pro-clerical, pro-business, Fox and Calderon
• Left—very small and divided until 1988 (Cuauhtemoc Cardenas)—PRD today
• Challenges to the PRI
• Political legitimacy of tecnicos
• Declining electoral support
• Presidential succession
• Interest groups
• Labor and peasants (within the PRI and highly controlled)
• “Popular” sector (middle-class, also within the PRI but slightly more autonomy)
• Military (outside the PRI and under civilian control)
• Media (outside the PRI—classic example of mixture of freedom and repression)
• Business (outside the PRI—and ultimately autonomous due to economic power)
• Influences on democratization, post-2000
• Economic opening
• Rejection of the PRI
• Destabilization and democratization?